Professor Lawrence Lessig  posed the titular question in his the keynote address by at the Digital Freedom Expo  held at University of the Western Cape on 19 April 2007.

Ten years ago it was apparent that there is a change in the way that communication happens, a change variously described as the Digital Revolution, Internet Revolution, Information Age, Knowledge Economy and the like. This change immediately created a host of legal problems because laws had been written for very different technological environments. Ten years ago very few people got the vision of what the new technology could do.

Over the last ten years there has been an immense struggle between those who reacted to the new technology with fear, and attempted to stifle its creative potential, and those who saw the potential and fought to keep the values built into the Internet,  openness, built in.

Prof. Lessig admitted that it is time to reappraise his trademark pessimism, his oft state belief that the struggle for an open culture is very very important but also unlikely to suceed.
Ten years later things are different. There is a Free Culture movement,  there is an entire generation who differently and at leas the hope of an enduring free culture. But what kind of Free Culture do we want?