the cape town declaration on open education, beta test

Written by Andrew Rens on November 30th, 2007

“We are on the cusp of a global revolution in teaching and learning. Educators worldwide are developing a vast pool of educational resources on the Internet, open and free for all to use. These educators are creating a world where each and every person on earth can access and contribute to the sum of all human knowledge. They are also planting the seeds of a new pedagogy where educators and learners create, shape and evolve knowledge together, deepening their skills and understanding as they go.

This emerging open education movement combines the established tradition of sharing good ideas with fellow educators and the collaborative, interactive culture of the Internet. It is built on the belief that everyone should have the freedom to use, customize, improve and redistribute educational resources without constraint. Educators, learners and others who share this belief are gathering together as part of a worldwide effort to make education both more accessible and more effective.”

The Cape Town Declaration on Open Education has been soft launched. What that means is although the original drafters, representatives from the open education movement who met in Cape Town in September have worked hard to achieve consensus on this draft, its open for comment. The Declaration will be finalised in January 2008.

Even then of course it is not intended to be the only declaration on Open Education. No document could cover every aspect of a rapidly changing phenomenon, nor would that be desirable. There will be other declarations which arise from different communities, with different emphases; open educational formats and technologies, new pedagogies and even more which we can see only dimly at this point in history.

I think its an important move though. As a participant in the discussion in Cape Town in September I was deeply impressed by the energy and dedication of participants. Its not an African declaration but for those of us from the developing world it seemed significant that it will be named for an African city. Open education, and opening educational resources hold great promise for Africa, not as recipient of largesse from the global North, but as partners in teaching and learning.That is why I was pleased, to be able to participate as an African, in this process.

 

Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Book Review

Written by Andrew Rens on November 14th, 2007

<meta name="GENERATOR" content="OpenOffice.org 2.2 (Linux)" /><meta name="AUTHOR" content="Andrew Rens" /><meta name="CREATED" content="20071114;8083200" /><meta name="CHANGEDBY" content="Andrew Rens" /><meta name="CHANGED" content="20071114;8461900" /> </p> <style type="text/css"> <!-- @page { size: 21cm 29.7cm; margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } -- </style> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">Hearing that I'm interested in The New Economy/Knowledge Economy/ Innovation Age, a friend advised me to read <a target="_blank" href="http://aliquidnovi.org/www.peter-drucker.com/books/0887306187.html">Innovation and Entrepreneurship</a> by Peter Drucker, explaining that most subsequent books on innovation are mere re-workings of this classic.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">Now that I have read it I tend to agree, with the rider that many of the re-workings fail to incorporate Drucker's key insights.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><em>Innovation is a social, usually economic process, in which the behaviour of people changes due to the acceptance of something new. New services, institutions and organisations are as much the subject of innovation as new devices, but none of these are innovation, rather innovation is the process by which these subjects achieve market share, or generate new markets, or change the societies into which they are introduced</em>.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">This may seem obvious, even axiomatic, but I constantly encounter the assumption that innovation is simply the creation, or introduction of a new 'technology'; a misapprehension powered by the valorization of novelty characteristic of Modernity.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">Drucker points out that innovation is the activity of entrepreneurs, regardless of whether those entrepreneurs are engaged in starting their own businesses, or are in government, non-profit or large corporations. Entrepreneurs are those who effectively bring about innovation, while inventors and theorists create new things. Drucker then explains what he terms basic rules of entrepreneurial processes.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">The book was written in the 1970's, so readers without a sense of history, especially economic history may not understand the examples which Drucker gives. Because of those anachronisms it would be all to easy to dismiss this book, on the assumption that technological change has also has changed the process of innovation. That would be a mistake since Drucker's recounting of basic rules serves as a useful starting place for understanding innovation.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">One suspects that Drucker's view on the time it takes new inventions to result in innovation is probably not longer accurate, it is certainly an issue which requires empirical investigation.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm">This book would be interesting to anyone considering innovation as a social phenomenon. There may be more up to date books for business managers on innovation, I have not yet discovered one which speaks as clearly on fundamental concepts.</p> </p> <div class="clearfloat"> </div> </div><!--close entry class--> <p class="postmetadata">Posted in <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/book-reviews/" rel="category tag">Book Reviews</a>, <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/innovation/" rel="category tag">Innovation</a> | <span>Comments Off<span class="screen-reader-text"> on Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Book Review</span></span> <br />Tags: <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/tag/open-everything/" rel="tag">Open Everything</a><br /></p> </div><!--close post class and post# id--> <div class="navigation"> <div class="txtalignleft"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/page/100/" >« Older Entries</a></div> <div class="txtalignright"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/page/98/" >Newer Entries »</a></div> </div> </div><!--close content id--> <div id="sidebar"> <ul> <li> <span class="sidetitle">Recent Posts</span> <ul> <li> <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/copyright-at-the-crossroads/">Copyright at the Crossroads</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/1982-2/">Who is in Charge of the Internet of Things</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/a-tragedy-of-errors-when-ip-mapping-goes-wrong/">A tragedy of errors: when IP mapping goes wrong</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/new-intellectual-property-policy-for-south-africa-phase-1/">New Intellectual Property Policy for South Africa: Phase 1</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/what-south-african-patent-data-can-teach-about-innovation/">What South African patent data can teach about innovation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/a-little-knowledge-is-a-dangerous-thing-the-world-intermediary-map-dangerously-incomplete-on-south-africa/">Updated: the World Intermediary Map</a> </li> </ul> </li><li><span class="sidetitle">About</span> <ul> <li class="page_item page-item-83"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/about-2/">Andrew Rens</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-2"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/about/">ex Africa semper aliquid novi</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-451"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/press/">Press and Presentations</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-718"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/publications/">Publications</a></li> </ul> </li><li><span class="sidetitle">blogs to watch</span> <ul class='xoxo blogroll'> <li><a href="http://manypossibilities.net/" rel="contact co-worker">'Many Possibilities'</a></li> <li><a href="https://cis-india.org/" title="The Center for Internet and Society India" target="_blank">Center for Internet and Society</a></li> <li><a href="http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/gray-area" rel="colleague" title="Opening up scholarly publishing">Gray Area</a></li> <li><a href="http://hblog.org/">hblog: Heather Ford's blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://internetgovernancelab.org/" title="The Internet Governance Lab at American University" target="_blank">Internet Governance Lab</a></li> <li><a href="http://ipjustice.org/wp/about/people/robin-d-gross/" title="Robin Gross on IP Justice">IP JUSTICE</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.thepublicdomain.org/">The Public Domain</a></li> <li><a href="http://research.yale.edu/isp/" title="memes, genes and bits">Yale Information Society Project</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><span class="sidetitle">Categories</span> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/a2k/">A2K</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/a2lm/">A2LM</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-787"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/access-to-medicines/">access to medicines</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-72"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/behavioral-law-and-economics/">Behavioral Law and Economics</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-9"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/book-reviews/">Book Reviews</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-2"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/commons/">Commons</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-8"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/freedom-of-expression/">Freedom of Expression</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-7"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/innovation/">Innovation</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-788"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/intermediary-liability/">Intermediary Liability</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-48"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/ooxml/">OOXML</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-127"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/opened/">Open Education</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-10"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/open-standards/">Open Standards</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-6"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/philosophy/">Philosophy</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-21"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/privatiseknowledge/">Privatising Public Knowledge</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-3"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/telecommunications/">Telecommunications</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-1"><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/category/uncategorized/">Uncategorized</a> </li> </ul> </li><li><span class="sidetitle">Archives</span> <label class="screen-reader-text" for="archives-dropdown-2">Archives</label> <select id="archives-dropdown-2" name="archive-dropdown"> <option value="">Select Month</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2019/12/'> December 2019  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2019/11/'> November 2019  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2019/02/'> February 2019  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2018/06/'> June 2018  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2018/05/'> May 2018  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2018/01/'> January 2018  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2017/12/'> December 2017  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2017/11/'> November 2017  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2016/05/'> May 2016  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2015/10/'> October 2015  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2015/09/'> September 2015  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2015/07/'> July 2015  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2015/04/'> April 2015  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2014/09/'> September 2014  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/11/'> November 2013  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/10/'> October 2013  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/09/'> September 2013  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/08/'> August 2013  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/07/'> July 2013  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/05/'> May 2013  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/04/'> April 2013  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2013/02/'> February 2013  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/11/'> November 2012  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/10/'> October 2012  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/09/'> September 2012  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/08/'> August 2012  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/07/'> July 2012  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/04/'> April 2012  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/03/'> March 2012  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/02/'> February 2012  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2012/01/'> January 2012  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/12/'> December 2011  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/11/'> November 2011  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/10/'> October 2011  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/09/'> September 2011  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/08/'> August 2011  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/07/'> July 2011  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/06/'> June 2011  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/05/'> May 2011  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/04/'> April 2011  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2011/03/'> March 2011  (7)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/12/'> December 2010  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/11/'> November 2010  (7)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/10/'> October 2010  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/09/'> September 2010  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/08/'> August 2010  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/07/'> July 2010  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/06/'> June 2010  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/05/'> May 2010  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/04/'> April 2010  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/03/'> March 2010  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/02/'> February 2010  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2010/01/'> January 2010  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/12/'> December 2009  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/11/'> November 2009  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/10/'> October 2009  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/09/'> September 2009  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/08/'> August 2009  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/07/'> July 2009  (6)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/06/'> June 2009  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/05/'> May 2009  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/04/'> April 2009  (10)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/03/'> March 2009  (5)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/02/'> February 2009  (5)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2009/01/'> January 2009  (13)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/11/'> November 2008  (1)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/10/'> October 2008  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/09/'> September 2008  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/08/'> August 2008  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/07/'> July 2008  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/06/'> June 2008  (5)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/05/'> May 2008  (8)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/04/'> April 2008  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2008/01/'> January 2008  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/11/'> November 2007  (2)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/10/'> October 2007  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/09/'> September 2007  (3)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/08/'> August 2007  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/07/'> July 2007  (8)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/06/'> June 2007  (4)</option> <option value='https://aliquidnovi.org/2007/04/'> April 2007  (3)</option> </select> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ (function() { var dropdown = document.getElementById( "archives-dropdown-2" ); function onSelectChange() { if ( dropdown.options[ dropdown.selectedIndex ].value !== '' ) { document.location.href = this.options[ this.selectedIndex ].value; } } dropdown.onchange = onSelectChange; })(); /* ]]> */ </script> </li><li><span class="sidetitle">Search</span><form method="get" id="searchform" action="https://aliquidnovi.org/"> <div><input type="text" name="s" id="s" onblur="searchblur(this);" onfocus="searchfocus(this);" value="To search, type and hit enter..." /> <input type="hidden" id="searchsubmit" value="Search" /> </div> </form></li><li><span class="sidetitle">Meta</span> <ul> <li><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/wp-login.php">Log in</a></li> <li><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/feed/">Entries feed</a></li> <li><a href="https://aliquidnovi.org/comments/feed/">Comments feed</a></li> <li><a href="https://wordpress.org/">WordPress.org</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfloatthick"></div> <div id="footer"> <p> Powered by <a href="http://www.wordpress.org" title="Powered by WordPress">WordPress</a> </p> <p> image: detail of <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/96208357@N00/95074741/">African Sunset by ff137 (Flickr)</a> (<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en-us">Creative Commons Attribute 2.0 Generic</a>)</p> </p> <p> ex Africa aliquid novi by <a xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" href="www.aliquidnovi.org" property="cc:attributionName" rel="cc:attributionURL">Andrew Rens</a> is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/za/">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 South Africa License</a> <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/za/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/2.5/za/88x31.png" /></a><br />. Your attribution must include a link to this blog. </p> <!--| © 2026 <a href="https://aliquidnovi.org" title="Copywrite ex Africa semper aliquid novi">ex Africa semper aliquid novi</a>--> | <span class="credits">Theme by <a href="http://wphackr.com" title="Visit WPHackr">WPHackr.com</a></span> </p> </div> </div> <!--This is another plugin hook--> <script type="speculationrules"> {"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"\/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["\/wp-*.php","\/wp-admin\/*","\/wp-content\/uploads\/*","\/wp-content\/*","\/wp-content\/plugins\/*","\/wp-content\/themes\/this-just-in\/*","\/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]} </script> </body> </html>